Did you try looking through his firewall (windows firewall with advanced security)? Maybe the windows firewall (if he uses windows, if not then just ignore this message) has blocked minecraft to have internet access. You just need to find the windows firewall and go through all the inbound and make sure whenever it says javaw or just java(tm) Platform SE binary, that all of those are checked. If this doesn't help then I will try and investigate a bit, but as of now I don't know what else it could be. ;)
Did your friend by any chance mess around with the network dns? Also, have you tried running minecraft as administrator?